Background
Seventeen Eighty Nine is an independent consultancy offering advice on animal health and welfare. The principal focus is on animal welfare in the laboratory and associated environments but advice is also given to other sectors on welfare of animals in other areas such as zoos, farms, stables or as pets.
It is particularly noticeable how standards of animal welfare can vary between and within these different sectors for a wide variety of reasons, yet the animals’ perception of its welfare is not affected by its role; and its quality of life should be maximised as much as the constraints of its use permit.